Monday, November 25, 2013
Automotive design
Automotive design is the profession involved in the development of the appearance, and to some extent the ergonomics, of motor vehicles or more specifically road vehicles. This most commonly refers to automobiles but also refers to motorcycles, trucks, buses, coaches, and vans. The functional design and development of a modern motor vehicle is typically done by a large team from many different disciplines included in automotive engineers. Automotive design in this context is primarily concerned with developing the visual appearance or aesthetics of the vehicle, though it is also involved in the creation of the product concept. Automotive design is practiced by designers who usually have an art background and a degree in industrial design or transportation design.
Modern tools
Many mechanical engineering companies, especially those in industrialized nations, have begun to incorporate computer-aided engineering (CAE) programs into their existing design and analysis processes, including 2D and 3D solid modeling computer-aided design (CAD). This method has many benefits, including easier and more exhaustive visualization of products, the ability to create virtual assemblies of parts, and the ease of use in designing mating interfaces and tolerances.
Other CAE programs commonly used by mechanical engineers include product lifecycle management (PLM) tools and analysis tools used to perform complex simulations. Analysis tools may be used to predict product response to expected loads, including fatigue life and manufacturability. These tools include finite element analysis (FEA), computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM).
Using CAE programs, a mechanical design team can quickly and cheaply iterate the design process to develop a product that better meets cost, performance, and other constraints. No physical prototype need be created until the design nears completion, allowing hundreds or thousands of designs to be evaluated, instead of a relative few. In addition, CAE analysis programs can model complicated physical phenomena which cannot be solved by hand, such as viscoelasticity, complex contact between mating parts, or non-Newtonian flows.
As mechanical engineering begins to merge with other disciplines, as seen in mechatronics, multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) is being used with other CAE programs to automate and improve the iterative design process. MDO tools wrap around existing CAE processes, allowing product evaluation to continue even after the analyst goes home for the day. They also utilize sophisticated optimization algorithms to more intelligently explore possible designs, often finding better, innovative solutions to difficult multidisciplinary design problems.
Other CAE programs commonly used by mechanical engineers include product lifecycle management (PLM) tools and analysis tools used to perform complex simulations. Analysis tools may be used to predict product response to expected loads, including fatigue life and manufacturability. These tools include finite element analysis (FEA), computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM).
Using CAE programs, a mechanical design team can quickly and cheaply iterate the design process to develop a product that better meets cost, performance, and other constraints. No physical prototype need be created until the design nears completion, allowing hundreds or thousands of designs to be evaluated, instead of a relative few. In addition, CAE analysis programs can model complicated physical phenomena which cannot be solved by hand, such as viscoelasticity, complex contact between mating parts, or non-Newtonian flows.
As mechanical engineering begins to merge with other disciplines, as seen in mechatronics, multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) is being used with other CAE programs to automate and improve the iterative design process. MDO tools wrap around existing CAE processes, allowing product evaluation to continue even after the analyst goes home for the day. They also utilize sophisticated optimization algorithms to more intelligently explore possible designs, often finding better, innovative solutions to difficult multidisciplinary design problems.
Thursday, August 25, 2011
Ruang lingkup
sumber: Wikipedia (http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknik_mesin)
Teknik mesin atau Teknik mekanik adalah ilmu teknik mengenai aplikasi dari prinsip fisika untuk analisa, desain, manufaktur dan pemeliharaan sebuah sistem mekanik. Ilmu ini membutuhkan pengertian mendalam atas konsep utama dari cabang ilmu mekanika, kinematika, teknik material, termodinamika dan energi. Ahli atau pakar dari teknik mesin biasanya disebut sebagai insinyur (teknik mesin), yang memanfaatkan pengertian atas ilmu teknik ini dalam mendesain dan menganalisa pembuatan kendaraan, pesawat, pabrik industri, peralatan dan mesin industri dan lain sebagainya. Teknik mesin biasanya terdiri dari :
1. Perancangan Mekanik dan Konstruksi
2. Proses Manufaktur dan Sistem Produksi
3. Konversi energi
4. Ilmu Bahan / Metalurgi
Teknik mesin mulai berkembang sebagai suatu ilmu setelah adanya revolusi industri di Eropa pada abad ke-18. Kemudian di abad ke-19 semakin berkembang lagi mengikuti perkembangan ilmu fisika. Ilmu teknik mesin pun semakin canggih, dan para insinyurnya sekarang mengembangkan diri di bagian komposit, mekatronika, dan nanoteknologi. Ilmu ini juga mempunyai hubungan dengan teknik penerbangan, teknik sipil, teknik listrik, teknik perminyakan, dan teknik kimia.
Teknik mesin atau Teknik mekanik adalah ilmu teknik mengenai aplikasi dari prinsip fisika untuk analisa, desain, manufaktur dan pemeliharaan sebuah sistem mekanik. Ilmu ini membutuhkan pengertian mendalam atas konsep utama dari cabang ilmu mekanika, kinematika, teknik material, termodinamika dan energi. Ahli atau pakar dari teknik mesin biasanya disebut sebagai insinyur (teknik mesin), yang memanfaatkan pengertian atas ilmu teknik ini dalam mendesain dan menganalisa pembuatan kendaraan, pesawat, pabrik industri, peralatan dan mesin industri dan lain sebagainya. Teknik mesin biasanya terdiri dari :
1. Perancangan Mekanik dan Konstruksi
2. Proses Manufaktur dan Sistem Produksi
3. Konversi energi
4. Ilmu Bahan / Metalurgi
Teknik mesin mulai berkembang sebagai suatu ilmu setelah adanya revolusi industri di Eropa pada abad ke-18. Kemudian di abad ke-19 semakin berkembang lagi mengikuti perkembangan ilmu fisika. Ilmu teknik mesin pun semakin canggih, dan para insinyurnya sekarang mengembangkan diri di bagian komposit, mekatronika, dan nanoteknologi. Ilmu ini juga mempunyai hubungan dengan teknik penerbangan, teknik sipil, teknik listrik, teknik perminyakan, dan teknik kimia.
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